Apart from that, one also needed to be a permission to be a journalist in this era.
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This special permission was called the “Surat Ijin Usaha Penerbitan Pers”, which translated into Press Publishing Business License – SIUPP.
No media outlet could be established or operated without special permission from the government. During his rule which is known as the New Order Era (1966-1998), the entire media infrastructure and outlets were under government control. The media scenario in Indonesia entered a major crisis under the rule of the 2 nd President of Indonesia, Suharto. Following the Independence, under the rule of President Suharto many new Indonesian media houses were founded. The media scenario in Indonesia had a paradigm shift after Indonesia declared independence following the surrender of the Japanese empire in the Pacific in 1945. The Japanese military government started publishing new newspapers that were censored and constantly monitored. With the Japanese invasion of Indonesia in 1942, the existing newspapers that were in circulation were banned. Though the circulation of these newspapers was low, these early newspapers were instrumental in the early nationalist movements which eventually led to the promotion of nationalist spirit.
It was estimated that the literacy rate in Indonesia during the mid of the 19 th century was only around 5%. One of the major problems these newspapers faced was the low numbers in circulation owing to the high rate of illiteracy. The years that followed many new newspapers such as the Darmo-Kondo, Sinar Hindia, Oetoesan Hindia, Oetoesan Borneo, Benih Mardika, and Tjaja-Soematra entering circulation. Indonesians had to wait until 1907 before the first fully Indonesian newspaper, Medan Prijaji entered circulation. By the mid of 19 th century, there were almost 25 Dutch newspapers that were in circulation. This newspaper was later renamed to Javasche Courant and remained in circulation until the Japanese invasion of Indonesia during the 2 nd World War. The first newspaper in Indonesia mainly published news that they received from Europe and hence they were of little interest to the native people.īataviasche Courant was the first newspaper in Indonesia that was focussed on reporting the local and regional news.
The history of newspapers in Indonesia dates back to the late 18 th century and the first newspaper in Indonesia was published by the VOC. Though VOC was dissolved in 1800 owing to bankruptcy, the VOC under government control remained dominant in Indonesia. After the end of President Suharto’s rule in 1999īy the beginning of the 16th century, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) had become the dominant European power in the region. In fact, the media history of Indonesia can be broadly divided into 3 phasesģ. The history of media in Indonesia dates back to the 18 th century when Indonesia was a Dutch colony. With a population of over 26 crores, Indonesia is the 4 th largest country in the world in terms of population. Indonesia is a country in South East Asia located between the Indian and The Pacific Ocean. 51 Sports Tempo Introduction to Indonesian News Media
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